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Published Date: 2019-06-28 20:12:31
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (infection with) - Germany: cattle, OIE
Archive Number: 20190628.6543480
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS COMPLEX (INFECTION WITH) - GERMANY: CATTLE, OIE
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A ProMED-mail post
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International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org

Date: Thu 27 Jun 2019
Source: OIE, WAHID weekly disease information 2019 [edited]
http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=30862


_Mycobacterium tuberculosis_ complex (infection with), Germany
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Information received on [and dated] 27 Jun 2019 from Dr. Dietrich Rassow, Director for Animal Health and Animal Welfare, Chief Veterinary Officer, Directorate of Animal Health and Animal Welfare, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Berlin, Germany

Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 8 Mar 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 15 Mar 2019
Report date: 27 Jun 2019
Date submitted to OIE: 27 Jun 2019
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 30 Jul 2018
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: _Mycobacterium tuberculosis_ complex
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory (basic), laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to the whole country.

New outbreaks (3)
Outbreak 1 (19-204-00001): Lengenwang, Ostallgau, Bayern
Date of start of the outbreak: 8 Mar 2019
Outbreak status: Resolved on 17 Apr 2019
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Affected animals:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 42 / 31 / 0 / 0 / 0
Affected population: _Mycobacterium caprae_ [causal agent]

Outbreak 2 (19-204-00002): Bohmte, Osnabruck, Niedersachsen
Date of start of the outbreak: 6 May 2019
Outbreak status: Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Affected animals:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 205 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0
Affected population: _Mycobacterium caprae_ [causal agent]

Outbreak 3 (19-204-00003): Meinerzhagen, Markischer Kreis, Nordrhein-Westfalen
Date of start of the outbreak: 21 May 2019
Outbreak status: Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Affected animals:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 226 / 120 / 0 / 224 / 2
Affected population: _Mycobacterium bovis_ [causal agent]

Total outbreaks: 3
Total animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Cattle / 473 / 152 / 0 / 225 / 2

Outbreak statistics (rates apparent, expressed as percentages)
Species / Morbidity rate / Mortality rate / Case fatality rate
Cattle / 32.14 / 0 / 0 / 47.99

Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: Unknown or inconclusive
Epidemiological comments: Last confirmation of _Mycobacterium caprae_: 30 Jul 2018; last confirmation of _Mycobacterium bovis_: 18 Apr 2015. These are single cases and hence Germany still meets the requirements for freedom of infection with _Mycobacterium tuberculosis_ complex according to the Terrestrial Animal Health Code Chapter 8.11, article 8.11.4.

Control measures
Measures applied: Movement control inside the country, screening, traceability, official destruction of animals products, official disposal of carcasses, by-products and waste, selective killing and disposal, slaughter, ante- and post-mortem inspections, vaccination prohibited, no treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied: No other measures

Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type / Species / Test / Test date / Result
LAVES Veterinary Institute, Oldenburg (regional laboratory) / Cattle / Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) / 8 May 2019 / Positive
Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), Oberschleissheim (regional laboratory) / Cattle / Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) / 15 Mar 019 / positive
SVUA Arnsberg (Regional Laboratory) / Cattle / Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) / 23 May 2019 / Positive

Future reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

[The locations of the 3 outbreaks can be seen on the interactive map at the source URL above.]

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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>

[The above immediate OIE notification deals with 3 events, in different German states ("Lander"):

1. A farm in Bayern (Bavaria), where 31 of 42 cattle (ages and husbandry method not given) were found infected by _M. caprae_. Outbreak started 8 Mar 2019, resolved 17 Apr 2019. No culling ("Killed and disposed of") nor slaughter reported.
2. A farm in Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony) , where 1 of 205 cattle (ages and husbandry method not given) was found infected by _M. caprae_. Outbreak started 6 May 2019; the status of the outbreak is "continuing" (probably, additional tests expected). The single infected animal was "killed and disposed of".
3. A farm in Nordrhein-Westfalen (North Rhine-Westphalia), where 120 of 226 cattle were found infected by _M. bovis_. (For more information on the affected population, please see further). The outbreak started 21 May 2019; its status is "continuing" (probably, additional tests expected).

The following additional information addressing the 3rd outbreak, caused by _M. bovis_, has been extracted/abridged from a press release published on 21 Jun 2019 by the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection, North Rhine-Westphalia:

"According to the prevailing regulations, when tuberculosis is detected in cattle herds, retrospective epidemiological investigations should go 5 years back. This is meant to trace back or exclude sources or targets of spreading infection during the said period. Contact animals should be sought and identified in other German states or other EU countries, involving the relevant veterinary authorities.

"So far, the origin and route of pathogen introduction has not been cleared; the investigation is continuing. It is known that the 2 farms maintain close connection. Female calves are moved at the age of 3-5 months from the dairy operation in Meinerzhagen to the rearing plant in Frondenberg, where they are kept until the final stage of pregnancy. They return to the dairy farm in Meinerzhagen about 4 weeks before their expected calving date".

The full press release, including the above and additional information, is available (in German) at https://www.lanuv.nrw.de/fileadmin/lanuv/presse/dokumente/2019-06-21_PM_Rinder-TBC_M%C3%A4rkischer_Kreis_Unna.pdf; thanks to Sabine Zentis.

Final findings in the 2 continuing outbreaks and epidemiological findings clarifying the source of infections, in particular in relation to the route of _M. bovis_ introduction and possible spread relating to outbreak 3, are anticipated with interest. - Mod.AS

HealthMap/ProMED-mail map:
Germany: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/101]

See Also

2013
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Bovine tuberculosis - Germany: (NI) bovine, human susp, RFI 20130519.1723864
Bovine tuberculosis - Germany: (BY) bovine, M. caprae 20130317.1590824
2012
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Bovine tuberculosis - Germany: (BY) susp, RFI 20121127.1426225
.................................................crd/arn/rd/mpp

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