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Published Date: 2018-12-11 08:32:29
Subject: PRO/EDR> Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (11): USA, update
Archive Number: 20181211.6199326
ACUTE FLACCID MYELITIS - NORTH AMERICA (11): USA, UPDATE
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In this update:
[1] Michigan
[2] National

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[1] Michigan
Date: Thu 6 Dec 2018
Source: NBC24, Associated Press (AP) report [edited]
https://nbc24.com/news/local/michigan-is-confirming-first-case-of-paralyzing-illness


Health officials say Michigan has its 1st confirmed case this year [2018] of a mysterious paralyzing illness called acute flaccid myelitis.

The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services announced on [Wed 5 Dec 2018] it was notified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention the state has a confirmed case in a child in Wayne county including Detroit and some suburbs.

A total of 7 suspected cases in Michigan are under investigation. Officials have said this year's [2018] count nationally could surpass totals seen in similar outbreaks in 2014 and 2016 .

It's not clear what's causing some children to lose the ability to move their face, neck, back, arms or legs. The symptoms tend to occur about a week after the children had a fever and respiratory illness.

[Byline: Keith Conner]

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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
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HealthMap/ProMED-mail map of Michigan, United States: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/2280
Michigan county map: https://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/states/michigan/michigan-maps/michigan-county-map.jpg

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[2] National
Date: Mon 3 Dec 2018 21:56 GMT
Source: CNN [edited]
https://edition.cnn.com/2018/12/03/health/acute-flaccid-myelitis-peak-2018-bn/index.html


The number of cases of the polio-like illness acute flaccid myelitis [AFM] "appears to have peaked" for 2018, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said [Mon 3 Dec 2018].

In its weekly update on cases of the illness, the agency said there have been 134 confirmed cases in 33 states this year [2018] [see comment]. In addition, there are 165 patients under investigation as possibly having AFM, as the illness is known.

Since 2014, when the agency began tracking cases, the illness has peaked every other year in the fall. According to the CDC, in 2014, there were 120 confirmed cases between August and December; in 2015, there were 22 confirmed cases; in 2016, there were 149 confirmed cases; and in 2017, 35 confirmed cases were reported.

The agency said on [Mon 3 Dec 2018] that it has previously seen a drop in cases in November. "That pattern appears to be repeating in 2018 because states have reported fewer PUIs [patients under investigation] over the past couple of weeks. CDC expects this decline to continue," it said on its AFM investigation website.

The update also noted that the number of cases could still change, as patients under investigation are still being classified as confirmed or not. Last week [week of 26 Nov 2018], the CDC said that more than 95% of the patients with AFM this year [2018] have been children younger than 18, and the average age of those infected was 5. Most of the children with confirmed cases experienced a viral illness with symptoms including fever and cough about 3 to 10 days before the onset of paralysis, the CDC said this month.

An AFM task force created by the agency last month [November 2018] is made up of 12 experts and will convene in Atlanta this week. On [Fri 7 Dec 2018], the group is expected to present key recommendations to an infectious disease scientific committee to "inform and strengthen CDC's response to this urgent public health concern."

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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
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[Based on the latest update from CDC dated 10 Dec 2018, so far in 2018 there have been 158 confirmed cases of AFM in 36 states across the US (https://www.cdc.gov/acute-flaccid-myelitis/afm-cases.html).

The AFM outbreak in 2018 has been quite widespread with cases reported in 36 states (see map of confirmed cases by state as of 7 Dec 2018 at https://www.cdc.gov/acute-flaccid-myelitis/images/afm-state-map.png), a trend that has been observed every other year between August and October, in the United States. Around the same time of year, many viruses commonly circulate, including enteroviruses (coxsackie virus A16, EV-A71, and EV-D68), and are temporally associated with AFM. However, this trend of alternate year surge remains largely unexplained. - Mod.UBA
]

See Also

Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (10): USA (NE) 20181130.6172739
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (09): USA 20181116.6145865
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (08): USA 20181110.6131199
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (07): USA (WI) 20181102.6123836
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (06): USA, increase in cases 20181024.6106438
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (05): USA, increase in cases 20181018.6097500
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (04): human enterovirus D68 (NY) EV-D68 20181014.6090709
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (03): USA, increase in susp cases 20181013.6085691
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (02): (USA) 20181010.6081500
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America: USA (CO) 20180315.5687686
2017
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Acute flaccid myelitis: human enterovirus D68 20171103.5423175
Acute flaccid myelitis - Europe: Germany 20170912.5311829
2016
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Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (09): USA 20161215.4702290
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (08): USA (AZ,WA) RFI 20161117.4637077
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (07): USA (WA), responses to RFI 20161103.4605193
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (06): USA causes, RFI 20161101.4598660
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (05): USA 20161030.4596196
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (04): USA 20161030.4596196
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (03): USA 20161008.4545994
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America (02): USA, Canada, human enterovirus D68 20161002.4530332
Acute flaccid myelitis - North America: USA, human enterovirus D68 susp. 20160923.4509548
Human enterovirus D68 - Netherlands: acute flaccid myelitis 20160925.4513491
Acute flaccid myelitis - USA: human enterovirus D68 susp. 20160923.4509548
Human enterovirus D68 - Taiwan, Canada: acute flaccid paralysis 20160902.4461647
Human enterovirus D68 - USA (CO) acute flaccid paralysis 20160728.4375980
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