- 08 Oct 2019 Undiagnosed ulcerative disease - Ireland: salmon, trout
- 08 Oct 2019 Stem rust, barley - UK: (England)
- 07 Oct 2019 Plague - USA (04): (NM)
- 07 Oct 2019 Anthrax - Niger: (TL) livestock, OIE
- 07 Oct 2019 West Nile virus (41): Europe (Germany) equine, OIE
- 07 Oct 2019 Canine distemper, wildlife - USA (04): (RI) raccoon, skunk
- 07 Oct 2019 Dengue/DHF update (19): Asia, Pacific, Africa, Europe
- 07 Oct 2019 Measles update (65)
- 07 Oct 2019 Silicosis - USA: workers health
- 06 Oct 2019 Undiagnosed disease - Sudan: (RS) human, cattle, RFI
- 06 Oct 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (30): USA (MA,MI,PA) horses, humans
- 06 Oct 2019 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (22): Pakistan (NW)
- 06 Oct 2019 Hepatitis A - USA (35): (LA,OH)
- 06 Oct 2019 Scrub typhus - India (05): (HP) fatal
- 06 Oct 2019 West Nile virus (40): Americas, USA (CO) horses
- 06 Oct 2019 Chronic wasting disease - USA (16): (WY) mule deer
- 06 Oct 2019 Plague - Congo DR: (IT) fatal, human, rodent
- 05 Oct 2019 Legionellosis - USA (22): (NC) fatal, agricultural fair, hot tub displays susp.
- 05 Oct 2019 MERS-CoV (63): Saudi Arabia (SH, AS, RI)
- 05 Oct 2019 E. coli EHEC - Canada: (NF) students, RFI
- 05 Oct 2019 Listeriosis - Europe (15): (Netherlands) fatal, WGS, cold cuts
- 05 Oct 2019 Poliomyelitis update (78): global (Pakistan, Congo DR, Ghana, Philippines)
- 05 Oct 2019 Ebola update (96): Congo DR (NK, IT, SK) cases, WHO, summaries
- 05 Oct 2019 Streptococcus zooepidemicus - USA: (GA) dogs
- 05 Oct 2019 African swine fever - Asia (78): Philippines, East Timor, spread, concern
- 04 Oct 2019 African swine fever - Asia (77): S. Korea, domestic, wild, spread, epidemiology
- 04 Oct 2019 African swine fever - Africa (01): Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, domestic, OIE
- 04 Oct 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (29): USA (MI,IN,CT) horse, human
- 04 Oct 2019 Vaping-related illness - North America (02): USA, update
- 04 Oct 2019 Influenza (26): WHO global update, vaccine
- 03 Oct 2019 Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Taiwan: macrolide resistance
- 03 Oct 2019 Listeriosis - Europe (14): (Austria) WGS, liver pate, fatal, 2018
- 03 Oct 2019 Crithidia - Brazil: new Leishmania-like parasite in humans
- 03 Oct 2019 Ebola update (95): Congo DR (NK,IT,SK) cases, WHO, survivors, vaccine
- 03 Oct 2019 Ebola update (94): Congo DR (NK,IT,SK) TZ response, corr.
- 02 Oct 2019 Salmonellosis, st. Reading - Canada: raw turkey and chicken
- 02 Oct 2019 Epizootic hemorrhagic disease - USA (05): (WA) cattle
- 02 Oct 2019 Trypanosomiasis, African - South Africa: ex Uganda
- 02 Oct 2019 Hepatitis C - USA (03): (WV) injection drug use, 2018
- 02 Oct 2019 Cyclosporiasis - USA (07): imported basil, Mexico, outbreak over
- 02 Oct 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (28): USA (MA) human
- 01 Oct 2019 Ebola update (94): Congo DR (NK,IT,SK) cases, summary, TZ response, JP vaccine
- 01 Oct 2019 Epizootic hemorrhagic disease - USA (04): (WI) deer
- 01 Oct 2019 African swine fever - Asia (76): East Timor, Australia concern
- 01 Oct 2019 Rotavirus - New Zealand: (SO) calf
- 01 Oct 2019 African swine fever - Europe (45): Moldova (GA) domestic, spread, OIE
- 01 Oct 2019 Cyst nematode, soybean - Canada: (MN)
- 01 Oct 2019 Brown rot, orange - India: (MH)
- 30 Sep 2019 White nose syndrome, bats - North America (06): Canada (MB)
- 30 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Europe (44): Hungary (PT) wild boar, OIE
- 29 Sep 2019 Poliomyelitis update (77): Pakistan (SD, PB, KP)
- 29 Sep 2019 Legionellosis - USA (21): (NC) fatal, agricultural fair
- 29 Sep 2019 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan (21): (PB) fatal
- 29 Sep 2019 West Nile virus (39): Asia (Bangladesh) 1st human case
- 29 Sep 2019 West Nile virus (38): Europe (Germany, Greece) ECDC update
- 28 Sep 2019 Measles update (64)
- 28 Sep 2019 West Nile virus (37): Europe (Germany) animals, spread, OIE
- 28 Sep 2019 Salmonellosis - Netherlands: Spanish eggs
- 28 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed lethal disease - Norway (05): dog, peaked
- 28 Sep 2019 Lead poisoning - USA (02): (NY) cattle, human
- 28 Sep 2019 Vaping-related illness - North America (01): Canada, USA, CDC updates
- 28 Sep 2019 Legionellosis - Europe (06): UK (England) cooling tower confirmed, corr.
- 28 Sep 2019 Obituary: Stuart B. Levy
- 28 Sep 2019 Capnocytophaga canimorsus - USA: (WI) fulminant sepsis, genetic predisposition
- 28 Sep 2019 Rabies (46): Asia (Myanmar) dog, OIE
- 28 Sep 2019 Monkeypox, smallpox vaccine
- 28 Sep 2019 Invasive mosquito - Canada (ON)
- 28 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Asia (75): East Timor (DL) domestic, 1st rep, OIE
- 28 Sep 2019 Yellow fever - Africa (16): Nigeria
- 28 Sep 2019 Legionellosis - Europe (06): UK (England) cooling tower confirmed
- 27 Sep 2019 Ebola update (93): Congo DR (NK, IT, SK) cases, summaries, response
- 27 Sep 2019 Legionellosis - USA (20): (NC) fatal, agricultural fair susp.
- 27 Sep 2019 Aujeszky's disease - Finland: (NK) wild boar, OIE, correction
- 27 Sep 2019 MERS-CoV (62): Saudi Arabia (QS, RI) WHO
- 27 Sep 2019 West Nile virus (36): Americas (USA)
- 27 Sep 2019 Lead poisoning - USA: (NY) cattle, human
- 27 Sep 2019 Bovine tuberculosis - USA (06): (MI) transmission from deer to humans, 2017
- 27 Sep 2019 Announcements (06): ProMED-mail anniversary award 2019
- 27 Sep 2019 Tuberculosis - USA: (WA) latent, zoo elephant handlers, RFI
- 27 Sep 2019 Listeriosis - Europe (13): WGS, smoked fish, ex Estonia, fatal, 2014-19
- 27 Sep 2019 Chronic wasting disease - Sweden (03): (NB) moose
- 27 Sep 2019 Vaping-related illness - USA (05): update
- 26 Sep 2019 Infant botulism - USA (04): (TX)
- 26 Sep 2019 Salmonellosis - USA (06): (MD) restaurant, hummus
- 26 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Asia (74): South Korea, domestic, spread, control, FAO
- 26 Sep 2019 Paratyphoid fever - North Korea: (HN, PM) post typhoon
- 26 Sep 2019 Hepatitis E - Namibia (04)
- 26 Sep 2019 Typhoid fever - Taiwan: ex Pakistan, multidrug resistance
- 26 Sep 2019 Salmonellosis - UAE: (DU) restaurant, egg sauce
- 26 Sep 2019 Poliomyelitis update (76): global (Pakistan, Angola, Myanmar), ARCC certif.
- 26 Sep 2019 Vaping-related illness - USA (05): (MA) ban
- 26 Sep 2019 Rabbit hemorrhagic disease - Canada (03): (BC)
- 26 Sep 2019 Marek's disease, poultry: research
- 25 Sep 2019 Poliomyelitis update (75): Philippines, WHO, no new confirmed cases
- 25 Sep 2019 Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium, monophasic - Sweden
- 25 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (27): USA (MI) wolf
- 25 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Asia (73): South Korea, domestic, spread
- 25 Sep 2019 Ebola update (92): Congo DR (NK,IT,SK) cases, summaries, response
- 25 Sep 2019 Epizootic hemorrhagic disease - USA (03): (TN) deer
- 25 Sep 2019 Salmonellosis - Belgium: (WV) school, egg-based sauce
- 25 Sep 2019 Vaping-related illness - USA (04): (KS) deaths
- 24 Sep 2019 Foodborne illness - China: (GD) school, RFI
- 24 Sep 2019 Madariaga virus - Argentina: (CC)
- 24 Sep 2019 Poliomyelitis update (74): Pakistan (KP) Philippines (Zambagoan Peninsula) susp.
- 24 Sep 2019 Aujeszky's disease - Finland: (NK) wild boar, 1st report, OIE
- 24 Sep 2019 Measles update (63)
- 24 Sep 2019 Invasive tick - Netherlands (02): (GE)
- 24 Sep 2019 Lassa fever - West Africa (33): Nigeria
- 24 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed lethal disease - Norway (04): dog, spread
- 24 Sep 2019 Botulism - USA (06): caviar, risk, recall
- 24 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (26): USA (OH, MI) horse, human
- 24 Sep 2019 Novel porcupine fungal disease - USA: (ME, MA, NH)
- 24 Sep 2019 Antibiotic resistance (07): incr., food animals in emerging economies, 2000-2018
- 24 Sep 2019 Yellow fever - Africa (15): Nigeria
- 23 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (25): USA (CT, MA, MI) human
- 23 Sep 2019 Hepatitis A - USA (34): CDC
- 23 Sep 2019 Avian influenza (46): Taiwan (KH) duck, HPAI H5N5, new strain, OIE
- 23 Sep 2019 E. coli EHEC, Salmonellosis - Latvia: schools
- 23 Sep 2019 Herpesvirus, zoo elephant - INDIA: (OR)
- 23 Sep 2019 Burkholderia cepacia - China: (Hong Kong) chlorhexidine product, renal patients
- 23 Sep 2019 Salmonellosis, st. Enteriditis - UK: eggs
- 23 Sep 2019 Hepatitis A and E - India: (PB) waterborne
- 22 Sep 2019 MERS-CoV (61): Saudi Arabia (RI)
- 22 Sep 2019 Anthrax - Bangladesh: (ME) cattle
- 22 Sep 2019 Typhoid fever - USA (05): (TX) imported XDR case, possible secondary case
- 22 Sep 2019 Herpes simplex, type 1, genital - USA: (NY) circumcision
- 22 Sep 2019 West Nile virus (35): Americas (Canada, BC, susp. ex USA) human, horse
- 22 Sep 2019 Japanese encephalitis & other - India (29): (BR)
- 22 Sep 2019 Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Congo DR: multidrug resistance, invasiveness
- 22 Sep 2019 Melioidosis - USA: (US Virgin Islands) post-hurricane, 2017
- 21 Sep 2019 Yellow fever - Africa (14): Nigeria (GO), vaccination-booster research
- 21 Sep 2019 Classical swine fever - Russia (03): (AM) wild boar, OIE
- 21 Sep 2019 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Africa (06): Sudan (Kassala) susp., tick vector, RFI
- 21 Sep 2019 Avian influenza (45): Taiwan (KH) duck, HPAI H5N5, 1st rep
- 21 Sep 2019 Infectious bursal disease - Iceland: (SL) poultry, OIE
- 21 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (24): USA (NJ) human
- 21 Sep 2019 Poliomyelitis update (73): Philippines, Pakistan, global (Angola)
- 20 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Asia (72): Russia (PR) domestic, Far East spread
- 20 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed illness - Tanzania (02): fatal, not Ebola, comments, RFI
- 20 Sep 2019 Classical swine fever - Japan (11): domestic, spread, vaccination policy revised
- 20 Sep 2019 Bluetongue - Europe (09): Switzerland (BE) cattle, BTV-8, OIE
- 20 Sep 2019 Ebola update (91): Congo DR (NK,IT,SK) cases, summaries, response, Uganda
- 20 Sep 2019 Japanese encephalitis & other - India (28): (UP)
- 20 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (23): USA (CT, MI) horses, deer
- 20 Sep 2019 Barley yellow dwarf, cereals - UK: control
- 19 Sep 2019 Hepatitis A - South Korea, Australia: clam
- 19 Sep 2019 Classical swine fever - Japan (10): domestic, vaccination
- 19 Sep 2019 E. coli EHEC - USA (20) : (MN) O157, state fair, livestock exposure
- 19 Sep 2019 Lassa fever - West Africa (32): Nigeria
- 19 Sep 2019 Vaping-related illness - USA (03): deaths, CDC
- 18 Sep 2019 Zoonoses: SpillOver - new web tool to assess spillover risk of wildlife viruses
- 18 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (22): USA (CT, MI, RI) human
- 18 Sep 2019 Ebola update (90): Congo DR (NK, IT, SK) cases, summaries, response, Tanzania, story
- 18 Sep 2019 Foodborne illness - Burkina Faso: fatal, pesticides susp.
- 18 Sep 2019 Typhoid fever - Australia: ex Pakistan, multidrug resistance
- 18 Sep 2019 Botulism - France: outdated soup
- 18 Sep 2019 Listeriosis - Europe (12): (France) fatal, raw milk cheeses, recall
- 18 Sep 2019 Pertussis update (09): Americas (USA)
- 17 Sep 2019 Legionellosis - USA (19): (IL) retirement community
- 17 Sep 2019 Viral research laboratory accident - Russia: (NS) Vector Institute, explosion & fire
- 17 Sep 2019 Anthrax - Kazakhstan (05): (ZM) cattle, human
- 17 Sep 2019 Tularemia - Sweden (06): outbreak, hares
- 17 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Asia (71): South Korea (KG) domestic, 1st report, OIE
- 17 Sep 2019 Rabbit hemorrhagic disease - Ireland (02): wild rabbit
- 17 Sep 2019 Leptospirosis - USA (03): (UT) dogs
- 17 Sep 2019 Rabies (45): Americas (USA) dog, skunk, raccoon, fox, human exp
- 17 Sep 2019 Avian influenza (44): Chile (VS) poultry, LPAI H7, import restrictions
- 17 Sep 2019 Panama disease TR4, banana - Australia: (QL) spread
- 17 Sep 2019 Tularemia - USA (03): (CO) wild rabbit
- 16 Sep 2019 Clubroot, oilseed rape - Canada: (MB)
- 16 Sep 2019 West Nile virus (34): Europe, ECDC update, animal
- 16 Sep 2019 Anthrax - Italy (03): (PU) cattle, OIE
- 16 Sep 2019 Yellow fever - Africa (13): Nigeria (BA)
- 16 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (21): USA (MA) human
- 16 Sep 2019 Measles update (62)
- 15 Sep 2019 Chronic wasting disease - USA (15): new research, comments
- 15 Sep 2019 Rubella - Japan (03): spread, travel alert
- 15 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Asia (70): Philippines (RI, ND) spread, prevention
- 15 Sep 2019 West Nile Virus (33): Europe (Greece), ECDC update
- 15 Sep 2019 Amebic meningoencephalitis, primary - Pakistan (04) : (SD)
- 15 Sep 2019 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (20): Pakistan (SD), India (RJ)
- 14 Sep 2019 Classical swine fever - Japan (09): (ST, YN) domestic, spread
- 14 Sep 2019 Antibiotic resistance (06): Italy (TC) fatal, NDM-1, nosocomial
- 14 Sep 2019 Japanese encephalitis & other - India (27): (AS)
- 14 Sep 2019 Ebola update (89): Congo (NK,IT,SK) Tanzania case update, NOT Ebola
- 14 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (20): USA (RI) deer
- 14 Sep 2019 Ebola update (88): Congo DR (NK,IT,SK) cases, summaries, front line, response
- 13 Sep 2019 Human enterovirus - Taiwan
- 13 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (19): USA (MA, NJ, WI) horses
- 13 Sep 2019 Head smut, maize - Kenya: (NK)
- 13 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed illness - Tanzania: fatal, WHO team deployment, RFI
- 13 Sep 2019 Vaping-related illness - USA (02): flavoring ban
- 13 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed disease, cocoa - Ghana: (AH)
- 13 Sep 2019 Chronic wasting disease - USA (14): new research
- 12 Sep 2019 Scombroid fish poisoning - USA (02): (multiple states)
- 12 Sep 2019 Mercury poisoning - USA: (CA) imported cosmetics, comatose user
- 12 Sep 2019 Lasiodiplodia dieback, blueberry - Europe: 1st rep (Spain)
- 12 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed lethal disease - Norway (03): dog
- 12 Sep 2019 Strangles - UK (02): (Isle of Man) horse
- 12 Sep 2019 Crayfish plague - UK: (England) white-clawed crayfish, susp.
- 12 Sep 2019 African swine fever - South Africa (03): (NC) domestic, OIE
- 12 Sep 2019 Foot & mouth disease - South Africa: (LP) bovine, serotype SAT 1, OIE
- 12 Sep 2019 Melioidosis - Viet Nam: fatal
- 12 Sep 2019 Invasive mosquitoes - USA (05): (NE, UT)
- 12 Sep 2019 Epizootic hemorrhagic disease - USA (02): (WV, MN) deer
- 12 Sep 2019 Listeriosis - Europe (11): (Spain) meat, fatal, miscarriages, Mallorca
- 12 Sep 2019 Streptococcus grp A, scarlet fever & invasive disease - UK: emm1, unique genotype
- 11 Sep 2019 Mumps update (12): USA (NE, NM) EU (UK)
- 11 Sep 2019 Die-off, bird - USA (02): (AK) seabirds, continuing
- 11 Sep 2019 Newcastle disease - USA (13): (CA) poultry
- 11 Sep 2019 Vesicular stomatitis - USA (16): (TX) horse, USDA update
- 10 Sep 2019 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (18): USA human, horse, deer
- 10 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed lethal disease - Norway (02): dog
- 10 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Asia (69): Philippines (RI) domestic, 1st report, OIE
- 10 Sep 2019 Measles update (61)
- 10 Sep 2019 Citrus bark cracking viroid, hop - Germany: 1st report (BY)
- 10 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed lethal disease - Norway: dog
- 09 Sep 2019 Yellow fever - Africa (12): Nigeria, WHO (EB, BE, CR)
- 09 Sep 2019 E. coli EHEC - Norway: hemolytic uremic syndrome, unusual strain, RFI
- 09 Sep 2019 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (21): Asia (Yemen)
- 09 Sep 2019 Hepatitis A - USA (33): CDC
- 09 Sep 2019 Lumpy skin disease - Palestinian Auth: (WB) cattle, OIE
- 09 Sep 2019 New in IJID (09): September 2019
- 09 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Asia (68): Philippines (RI) domestic, confirmed
- 09 Sep 2019 West Nile virus (32): Europe (Austria) horse, OIE
- 09 Sep 2019 Bombali ebolavirus - Africa (02): Guinea, bat
- 09 Sep 2019 Xylella, olive - France: (PR)
- 08 Sep 2019 African swine fever - Ghana: (WP)
- 08 Sep 2019 Undiagnosed illness - Cote d'Ivoire: (WB) fatal, RFI
- 08 Sep 2019 Salmonellosis, st I 4,[5],12:i:- - USA (04): pig ear dog treats, other serotypes
- 08 Sep 2019 West Nile virus (31): Europe (Greece) ECDC update
- 08 Sep 2019 Ebola update (87): Congo DR (NK,IT,SK) Uganda, summaries, response, therapeutics
- 08 Sep 2019 Influenza (25): WHO global update, Australia
- 08 Sep 2019 Japanese encephalitis - Philippines: (PN)
- 08 Sep 2019 Hantavirus - Americas (34): USA (NM)
Published Date: 2019-10-08 11:56:35
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed ulcerative disease - Ireland: salmon, trout
Archive Number: 20191008.6715400
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed ulcerative disease - Ireland: salmon, trout
Archive Number: 20191008.6715400
UNDIAGNOSED ULCERATIVE DISEASE - IRELAND: SALMON, TROUT
*******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Fri 4 Oct 2019 11:43:00 IST
Source: Breaking News [edited]
https://www.breakingnews.ie/ireland/anglers-terrified-that-mysterious-disease-will-wipe-out-salmon-stocks-954933.html
Anglers in the north-east say they are 'terrified' that a mysterious virus could wipe out salmonid stocks across the country.
The undetermined disease, which causes bleeding and skin ulceration on salmon and sea trout, has still not been identified despite the best efforts of Inland Fisheries Ireland (IFI) and scientists internationally.
The affected salmon show signs of bleeding ulceration and haemorrhaging mainly along the area on the belly of the fish as well as the head and tail. Secondary fungal infection usually sets in and can result in death.
Local angling clubs in Louth and Meath say that hundreds of fish sporting a white skin fungus have been spotted in rivers throughout the country since last April [2019].
Since June [2019], anglers have been advised by the IFI to leave diseased salmon in rivers and disinfect tackle waders and equipment.
A dedicated email set up by the IFI since June [2019] has received 25 reports from 15 rivers nationwide.
Minister of State at the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment Deputy Sean Canney admitted the situation was 'a worry' when it was raised in the Dail by Louth's Fianna Fail [Republican Party] TD [constituency deputy] Declan Breathnach.
"Large numbers of fish have been found in the Boyne, Castletown, Dee and Fane rivers that appear deformed or diseased and there are serious concerns from the anglers about the risk of the disease spreading to humans," said Deputy Breathnach.
Alan Molloy, vice-chair of The Boyne Catchment Angling Association which includes 2000 anglers from 23 clubs described the situation among members as 'worrying.'
"Hundreds of people I've spoken to across many rivers nationwide have seen these salmonids with white fungus on them.
"The fungus is a secondary infection and scientists can't seem to identify the primary infection, despite their best efforts.
"We have given live samples to the IFI and have asked our members to report any incidents. Unfortunately because they are so familiar now, many are not bothering reporting incidents, thinking they've already been reported.
"We are heartened by Deputy Breathnach's efforts and the IFI's response that all the statutory bodies are taking this seriously and investigating.
"We have to bear in mind that salmon stocks have fallen in our rivers by 90% since the 1970s. Anglers are deeply frustrated and terrified that we're staring straight at the extinction of the iconic salmon from Irish waters happening in front of our eyes."
The sentiment was echoed by Liam Woods of the Dundalk Salmon Anglers Association who said: "It's a cruel fate that in the international year of the salmon, we are seeing this disease for the 1st time."
He added: "Anglers also from the Dundalk Salmon Angers Association, Balintra Anglers, Inniskeen Village Anglers, and Kells Anglers have all witnessed these diseased fish."
In June [2019], Inland Fisheries Ireland informed the angling community that 'a small number of salmon' were showing signs of bleeding and skin ulceration as they returned to Irish rivers and appealed to anglers to notify them of any incidents.
In a statement yesterday they say: "IFI collaborated with the fish health unit in the Marine Institute with samples from the River Erriff and River Lee supplied to them and further samples from the Boyne supplied to the Veterinary Group in Galway for testing.
"To date, no responsible disease has been identified. The majority of reports of diseased salmon occurred during June and July [2019] with small numbers of reported incidents since that time.
"Given the international dimension to the issue, scientists from IFI have been collaborating with colleagues in Norway and Scotland in an effort to establish the cause of the disease.
"At this time, no laboratory in Europe has definitively identified the cause of the symptoms. However, an emerging theory is that it may be due to a change in salmon diet and a related vitamin deficiency.
"IFI continues to work with international scientists to exchange knowledge about the disease and the results of disease testing between countries."
Deputy Sean Canney admitted in his reply to Deputy Breathnach: "From a personal point of view, the local anglers are the people who have the local knowledge and that is what will help us solve this problem, but it is a worry."
[Byline: Louise Walsh]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Skin lesions in fish can be caused by a variety of infectious and noninfectious insults. Lesions commonly are caused by opportunistic pathogens, which infect weakened or stressed hosts. These pathogens, which include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, may gain entry because of impaired immune or disease resistance factors, or because the natural defense mechanisms of the skin are impaired or breached.
A similar disease of salmonids native to the waters of the British Isles is ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN). However, in UDN lesions are predominantly observed in the head skin. It was first reported in the 19th century. The disease largely disappeared until the mid-1960s when it first occurred in southwest Ireland and then gradually spread to almost all rivers of the British Isles and subsequently to neighbouring areas.
Salmon (_Salmo salar_) and sea trout (brown trout, _Salmo trutta_) are susceptible to UDN. The disease is characteristically found in adult wild fish as they congregate at sea prior to entering fresh water and during their upstream river migration. The lesion is a progressive cytolytic necrosis of epidermal Malpighian cells, of the pemphigoid type which is restricted to specific sites on the head. On entry to fresh water, these rapidly ulcerate and may become infected with a number of opportunistic pathogens, principal of which is the oomycete _Saprolegnia diclina_. Once this occurs the lesion extends by fungal activity, death being due either to secondary bacterial infection of the ulcer or, more often, circulatory failure resulting from the osmotic hemodilution induced by the large area of ulceration.
The condition is primarily found in the colder months of the year and usually persists at high for 3 or 4 years in a river system after which it gradually disappears. Attempts to isolate a specific viral or bacterial agent from the lesions, or from other organs, have failed and the evidence that UDN is an infectious disease is very limited. Investigation into other more complex possible etiologies have been equally unsuccessful.
This new disease, similar to UDN with a different body distribution, seems to also have an elusive etiology. The coincidence of taxonomic group affected (salmonids) and the region invite considering a shared origin.
Portions of this comment were extracted from the review article "Roberts RJ. Ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) in wild salmonids", Fisheries Research. 1993; 17(1-2): 3-14; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016578369390003P. - Mod.PMB
Maps of Ireland: https://www.mapsofworld.com/ireland/maps/ireland-political-map.jpg and http://healthmap.org/promed/p/26860]
*******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Fri 4 Oct 2019 11:43:00 IST
Source: Breaking News [edited]
https://www.breakingnews.ie/ireland/anglers-terrified-that-mysterious-disease-will-wipe-out-salmon-stocks-954933.html
Anglers in the north-east say they are 'terrified' that a mysterious virus could wipe out salmonid stocks across the country.
The undetermined disease, which causes bleeding and skin ulceration on salmon and sea trout, has still not been identified despite the best efforts of Inland Fisheries Ireland (IFI) and scientists internationally.
The affected salmon show signs of bleeding ulceration and haemorrhaging mainly along the area on the belly of the fish as well as the head and tail. Secondary fungal infection usually sets in and can result in death.
Local angling clubs in Louth and Meath say that hundreds of fish sporting a white skin fungus have been spotted in rivers throughout the country since last April [2019].
Since June [2019], anglers have been advised by the IFI to leave diseased salmon in rivers and disinfect tackle waders and equipment.
A dedicated email set up by the IFI since June [2019] has received 25 reports from 15 rivers nationwide.
Minister of State at the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment Deputy Sean Canney admitted the situation was 'a worry' when it was raised in the Dail by Louth's Fianna Fail [Republican Party] TD [constituency deputy] Declan Breathnach.
"Large numbers of fish have been found in the Boyne, Castletown, Dee and Fane rivers that appear deformed or diseased and there are serious concerns from the anglers about the risk of the disease spreading to humans," said Deputy Breathnach.
Alan Molloy, vice-chair of The Boyne Catchment Angling Association which includes 2000 anglers from 23 clubs described the situation among members as 'worrying.'
"Hundreds of people I've spoken to across many rivers nationwide have seen these salmonids with white fungus on them.
"The fungus is a secondary infection and scientists can't seem to identify the primary infection, despite their best efforts.
"We have given live samples to the IFI and have asked our members to report any incidents. Unfortunately because they are so familiar now, many are not bothering reporting incidents, thinking they've already been reported.
"We are heartened by Deputy Breathnach's efforts and the IFI's response that all the statutory bodies are taking this seriously and investigating.
"We have to bear in mind that salmon stocks have fallen in our rivers by 90% since the 1970s. Anglers are deeply frustrated and terrified that we're staring straight at the extinction of the iconic salmon from Irish waters happening in front of our eyes."
The sentiment was echoed by Liam Woods of the Dundalk Salmon Anglers Association who said: "It's a cruel fate that in the international year of the salmon, we are seeing this disease for the 1st time."
He added: "Anglers also from the Dundalk Salmon Angers Association, Balintra Anglers, Inniskeen Village Anglers, and Kells Anglers have all witnessed these diseased fish."
In June [2019], Inland Fisheries Ireland informed the angling community that 'a small number of salmon' were showing signs of bleeding and skin ulceration as they returned to Irish rivers and appealed to anglers to notify them of any incidents.
In a statement yesterday they say: "IFI collaborated with the fish health unit in the Marine Institute with samples from the River Erriff and River Lee supplied to them and further samples from the Boyne supplied to the Veterinary Group in Galway for testing.
"To date, no responsible disease has been identified. The majority of reports of diseased salmon occurred during June and July [2019] with small numbers of reported incidents since that time.
"Given the international dimension to the issue, scientists from IFI have been collaborating with colleagues in Norway and Scotland in an effort to establish the cause of the disease.
"At this time, no laboratory in Europe has definitively identified the cause of the symptoms. However, an emerging theory is that it may be due to a change in salmon diet and a related vitamin deficiency.
"IFI continues to work with international scientists to exchange knowledge about the disease and the results of disease testing between countries."
Deputy Sean Canney admitted in his reply to Deputy Breathnach: "From a personal point of view, the local anglers are the people who have the local knowledge and that is what will help us solve this problem, but it is a worry."
[Byline: Louise Walsh]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Skin lesions in fish can be caused by a variety of infectious and noninfectious insults. Lesions commonly are caused by opportunistic pathogens, which infect weakened or stressed hosts. These pathogens, which include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, may gain entry because of impaired immune or disease resistance factors, or because the natural defense mechanisms of the skin are impaired or breached.
A similar disease of salmonids native to the waters of the British Isles is ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN). However, in UDN lesions are predominantly observed in the head skin. It was first reported in the 19th century. The disease largely disappeared until the mid-1960s when it first occurred in southwest Ireland and then gradually spread to almost all rivers of the British Isles and subsequently to neighbouring areas.
Salmon (_Salmo salar_) and sea trout (brown trout, _Salmo trutta_) are susceptible to UDN. The disease is characteristically found in adult wild fish as they congregate at sea prior to entering fresh water and during their upstream river migration. The lesion is a progressive cytolytic necrosis of epidermal Malpighian cells, of the pemphigoid type which is restricted to specific sites on the head. On entry to fresh water, these rapidly ulcerate and may become infected with a number of opportunistic pathogens, principal of which is the oomycete _Saprolegnia diclina_. Once this occurs the lesion extends by fungal activity, death being due either to secondary bacterial infection of the ulcer or, more often, circulatory failure resulting from the osmotic hemodilution induced by the large area of ulceration.
The condition is primarily found in the colder months of the year and usually persists at high for 3 or 4 years in a river system after which it gradually disappears. Attempts to isolate a specific viral or bacterial agent from the lesions, or from other organs, have failed and the evidence that UDN is an infectious disease is very limited. Investigation into other more complex possible etiologies have been equally unsuccessful.
This new disease, similar to UDN with a different body distribution, seems to also have an elusive etiology. The coincidence of taxonomic group affected (salmonids) and the region invite considering a shared origin.
Portions of this comment were extracted from the review article "Roberts RJ. Ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) in wild salmonids", Fisheries Research. 1993; 17(1-2): 3-14; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016578369390003P. - Mod.PMB
Maps of Ireland: https://www.mapsofworld.com/ireland/maps/ireland-political-map.jpg and http://healthmap.org/promed/p/26860]
See Also
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Ulcerative dermal necrosis, salmon - UK: (England) 20150810.3569208
2012
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Ulcerative dermal necrosis - UK: (Scotland) 20120602.1154426
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