Risk of Mortality in Individuals with Hip Fracture and Traumatic Brain Injury.

Albrecht JS1, Al Kibria G1, Gruber-Baldini A1, Magaziner J1.

Author information

1: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

To estimate the prevalence of diagnosed traumatic brain injury (TBI) in individuals hospitalized with hip fracture and examine its association with all-cause mortality.

DESIGN:

Nested cohort study.

SETTING:

National sample of Medicare beneficiaries from 2006 to 2010.

PARTICIPANTS:

Beneficiaries aged 65 and older hospitalized with hip fracture.

MEASUREMENTS:

TBI at the time of hip fracture was defined using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. The main outcome was all-cause mortality during follow-up.

RESULTS:

Prevalence of TBI in individuals with hip fracture was 2.7%. Absolute risk of mortality attributable to TBI in individuals with hip fracture was 15/100 person-years. TBI was significantly associated with risk of death in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio=1.24, 95% confidence interval=1.14-1.35).

CONCLUSION:

TBI was associated with greater risk of mortality in individuals with hip fracture. Practitioners should consider evaluating for presence of TBI in this vulnerable population. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:124-127, 2019.