miércoles, 6 de agosto de 2014

Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Initiative | AHRQ National Resource Center; Health Information Technology: Best Practices Transforming Quality, Safety, and Efficiency

Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Initiative | AHRQ National Resource Center; Health Information Technology: Best Practices Transforming Quality, Safety, and Efficiency



AHRQ Report and Videos Show How to Successfully Implement CDS Into Clinical Workflows

A new report and accompanying videos from AHRQ, “Findings and Lessons from AHRQ’s Clinical Decision Support Demonstration Projects,” show how organizations can successfully develop, implement and evaluate the best methods and approaches for incorporating clinical decision support (CDS) into clinical workflows. The report and accompanying videos show the approaches Brigham and Women’s Hospital and the Yale School of Medicine took toward creating processes and tools for translating clinical knowledge and narrative guidelines into formats that can be used by multiple electronic health record systems and for implementing CDS across a range of care settings. For more information on this initiative, including the report and videos, please visit the AHRQ Health Information Technology website.

Key Resources 

Overview

Effective clinical decision support (CDS) has been shown to be a means of improving health care quality. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) seeks to support efforts to develop, adopt, implement, and evaluate the use of health information technology (IT) to improve health care decision making. This includes the development, implementation, and integration of health information tools, products or systems through the use of integrated data and knowledge management, such as CDS.
To that end, the AHRQ Health IT Portfolio's CDS Initiative includes a variety of research projects, including two demonstrations supported by a panel of technical experts, and outreach efforts to develop consensus in the health care field around the use of CDS to promote safe and effective health care. Each component of the initiative attempts to engage relevant stakeholders including clinicians, provider organizations, guideline and quality measurement developers, and information technology professionals in the ongoing work to improve health care decisionmaking using CDS systems. 

CDS Demonstrations

In 2008, AHRQ awarded two 5-year demonstration contracts focused on the development, adoption, implementation, and evaluation of clinical decision support (CDS). The contracts were awarded to the Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, MA (Project Director: Blackford Middleton, M.D.; Clinical Decision Support Consortium) and Yale University in New Haven, CT (Project Director: Richard Shiffman, M.D.; Guidelines Into Decision Support).
While working with a Technical Expert Panel, these projects were to advance our understanding of how best to incorporate CDS into the delivery of health care. The projects explored how the translation of clinical knowledge into CDS can be routinized in practice and taken to scale in order to improve the quality of health care delivery in the United States. An early report, Challenges and Barriers to Clinical Decision Support (CDS) Implementation (PDF, 254 KB), describes the challenges and barriers that the contractors encountered as part of their CDS demonstration project.
After 5 years, both projects demonstrated the ability to translate evidence-based knowledge into useful, actionable guidance for clinical care through CDS. Available below are links to a comprehensive report detailing the approach, methods, and lessons learned for each project as well as further research questions and policy considerations for the field and accompanying videos about each project.

CDS eRecommendations

Translating clinical guidelines into clinical decision support (CDS) rules has been an active area of research for many years. A key barrier to doing so has been the need to translate narrative recommendations from prose to unambiguous, coded formats that can be implemented by various clinical information systems and care settings. The AHRQ eRecommendations project addressed this barrier and laid the groundwork for further CDS advancements by formalizing the translation process and developing an “eRecommendations” format.
This project developed structured, coded logic statements called "eRecommendations" for 45 A- and B-graded recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, and 12 recommendations relevant to the Medicare and Medicaid Electronic Health Record (EHR) Incentive Programs. These eRecommendations leveraged standard data elements, coding systems, and value sets developed for performance reporting. Pilot testing was conducted at Memorial Hermann Health System and with the Louisiana Health IT Regional Extension Center.
To learn more about the project, read the Final Report (PDF, 2.17 MB) and visit the AHRQ eRecommendations project profile.

CDS White Papers

To advance the understanding of incorporating clinical decision support (CDS) into ambulatory health care delivery, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) sponsored a series of white papers. The series begins with a concise, but comprehensive overview of CDS and its current state, including evidence of its potential impact and its use in clinical settings today. This overview is followed by a thought-provoking piece that explores the use of electronic CDS to improve clinical workflow in ambulatory and hospital-based settings through user-centered design approaches.

Below are highlights from the two papers in the series:

Clinical Decision Support Systems: State of the Art (PDF, 184 KB).
Eta S. Berner, Ed.D., University of Alabama at Birmingham

  • CDS, when well-designed and implemented, holds great potential to improve health care quality, increase efficiency, and reduce health care costs.
  • Failure to attend to CDS alerts and recommendations poses challenges for those developing, implementing, and using CDS.
  • Researchers and vendors alike should address cognitive, informatics, structural, and workflow issues to optimize CDS design, implementation, and integration into clinical workflow.
Clinical Practice Improvement and Redesign: How Change in Workflow Can Be Supported by CDS (PDF, 634 KB).
Ben-Tzion Karsh, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison

  • The goal of widespread use of CDS in ambulatory care has not yet been realized.
  • Successful integration of CDS into clinical workflow requires effort and user involvement.
  • There are a range of techniques available to researchers to define and measure workflow fit that will lead to innovations in CDS design and implementation.
  • User-centered design approaches can be used by developers and implementers to ensure that CDS works for a range of users, their diverse needs, and in a range of contexts of use.

CDS Guide

To further its mission of supporting the use of health information technology (IT) to drive improvements in health care outcomes, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is providing online access to the first chapter of Improving Medication Use and Outcomes with Clinical Decision Support: A Step-by-Step Guide, which is designed for implementers of clinical decision support (CDS) tools. Chapter 1 of this new guide outlines foundational elements for applying CDS to medication management, including:

  • The 'CDS Five Rights' approach (getting the right information to the right stakeholder, at the right point in workflow, through the right channel, and the right format).
  • Steps in the medication management cycle and opportunities for applying CDS to improve medication use and outcomes.
  • Current and desired future states of CDS use for medication management.
  • An overview of the CDS medication management literature.
To read the first chapter, visit http://healthit.ahrq.gov/cdsguide.

CDS Podcast Series

AHRQ produced a series of three podcasts on CDS in late 2009 as a part of its "Healthcare 411" news series. The links to each podcast are provided below:

CDS Town Hall Meeting

In November 2008, the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) convened a CDS Town Hall Meeting at the request of AHRQ. The meeting aimed to stimulate a discussion of the current CDS environment and options for future efforts to promote CDS adoption.

A summary report on the meeting and its outcomes is available for download. (PDF, 112 KB).

No hay comentarios: