Preventing Chronic Disease | Longitudinal Predictors of Self-Rated Health and Mortality in Older Adults - CDC

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Preventing Chronic Disease | Longitudinal Predictors of Self-Rated Health and Mortality in Older Adults - CDC

Longitudinal Predictors of Self-Rated Health and Mortality in Older Adults

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• Abstract
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Acknowledgments
• Author Information
• References
• Tables

Diane C. Wagner, MA; Jerome L. Short, PhD

Suggested citation for this article: Wagner DC, Short JL. Longitudinal Predictors of Self-Rated Health and Mortality in Older Adults. Prev Chronic Dis 2014;11:130241. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd11.130241.

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Abstract

Introduction
Few studies have compared the effects of demographic, cognitive, and behavioral factors of health and mortality longitudinally. We examined predictors of self-rated health and mortality at 3 points, each 2 years apart, over 4 years.

Methods
We used data from the 2006 wave of the Health and Retirement Study and health and mortality indicators from 2006, 2008, and 2010. We analyzed data from 17,930 adults (aged 50–104 y) to examine predictors of self-rated health and data from a subgroup of 1,171 adults who died from 2006 through 2010 to examine predictors of mortality.

Results
Time 1 depression was the strongest predictor of self-rated health at all points, independent of age and education. Education, mild activities, body mass index, delayed word recall, and smoking were all associated with self-rated health at each point and predicted mortality. Delayed word recall mediated the relationships of mild activity with health and mortality. Bidirectional mediation was found for the effects of mild activity and depression on health.

Conclusion
Medical professionals should consider screening for depression and memory difficulties in addition to conducting medical assessments. These assessments could lead to more effective biopsychosocial interventions to help older adults manage risks for mortality.

Acknowledgments

This research was sponsored by the National Institute on Aging (grant no. NIA U01AG009740). We thank 2 anonymous reviewers for their helpful recommendations.

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Author Information

Corresponding Author: Diane C. Wagner, MA, George Mason University, Department of Psychology, 4400 University Dr, MSN 3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030-4422. E-mail: dwagner1@gmu.edu.

Author Affiliation: Jerome L. Short, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.

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References

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