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Psychosocial Constructs and Postintervention Changes in Physical Activity and Dietary Outcomes in a Lifestyle Intervention, Hub City Steps, 2010

Psychosocial Constructs and Postintervention Changes in Physical Activity and Dietary Outcomes in a Lifestyle Intervention, Hub City Steps, 2010

ORIGINAL RESEARCH — Volume 12 — May 21, 2015

Alicia S. Landry, PhD, RD; Jessica L. Thomson, PhD; Michael B. Madson, PhD; Jamie M. Zoellner, PhD, RD; Richard S. Mohn, PhD; Jeremy Noble, MS; Carol L. Connell, PhD, RD; Kathy Yadrick, PhD, RD

Suggested citation for this article: Landry AS, Thomson JL, Madson MB, Zoellner JM, Mohn RS, Noble J, et al. Psychosocial Constructs and Postintervention Changes in Physical Activity and Dietary Outcomes in a Lifestyle Intervention, Hub City Steps, 2010. Prev Chronic Dis 2015;12:140525. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd12.140525.

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On this Page

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Acknowledgments
• Author Information
• References
• Tables

Abstract

Introduction
Although modifications to dietary and physical activity (PA) behavior can reduce blood pressure, racial disparities in prevalence and control of hypertension persist. Psychosocial constructs (PSCs) of self-regulation, processes of change, and social support are associated with initiation and maintenance of PA in African Americans; which PSCs best predict lifestyle behavior changes is unclear. This study’s objective was to examine relationships among PSC changes and postintervention changes in PA and dietary outcomes in a community-based, multicomponent lifestyle intervention.

Methods
This study was a noncontrolled, pre/post experimental intervention conducted in a midsized, Southern US city in 2010. Primarily African American adults (n = 269) participated in a 6-month intervention consisting of motivational enhancement, social support, pedometer diary self-monitoring, and 5 education sessions. Outcome measures included pedometer-determined steps per day, fitness, dietary intake, and PSC measures. Generalized linear mixed models were used to test for postintervention changes in behavioral outcomes, identify predictors of PSC changes, and determine if PSC changes predicted changes in PA and diet.

Results
Postintervention changes were apparent for 10 of 24 PSCs (P < .05). Processes of change components, including helping relationships, reinforcement management, and consciousness raising, were significant predictors of fitness change (P < .05).

Conclusion
This article is among the first to address how measures of several theoretical frameworks of behavior change influence changes in PA and dietary outcomes in a multicomponent, community-based, lifestyle intervention conducted with African American adults. Findings reported identify PSC factors on which health behavior interventions can focus.

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by award number R24MD002787 from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIMHD or the National Institutes of Health. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. A.S.L., J.L.T., M.B.M., J.M.Z., R.M., J.N., C.L.C., and K.Y. discussed the format and scope of the article. J.L.T. and R.M. conducted statistical analyses. A.S.L. and J.L.T. wrote the initial draft of the article, and M.B.M., J.M.Z., R.M., J.N., C.L.C., and K.Y. contributed to the writing of the article. All authors read and approved the final article.

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Author Information

Corresponding Author: Alicia S. Landry, PhD, RD, The University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nutrition and Food Systems, 118 College Dr, Box 5172, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-0001. E-mail: Alicia.Landry@usm.edu.

Author Affiliations: Jessica L. Thomson, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Michael B. Madson, Jeremy Noble, The University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Psychology, Hattiesburg, Mississippi; Jamie M. Zoellner, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Blacksburg, Virginia; Richard S. Mohn, The University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Educational Studies and Research, Hattiesburg, Mississippi; Carol L. Connell, Kathy Yadrick, The University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Nutrition and Food Systems, Hattiesburg, Mississippi.

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